Introduction This EEG dataset contains the electrophysiological signal from fifty-seven obese and non-obese preteens during a stop-signal task. The stimuli were designed and administered using E-Prime software (Version 2) at Arkansas Children Nutrition Center (ACNC), Little Rock, Arkansas. The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) approved the study protocol. This research was supported by USDA/Agricultural Research Service Project 6026-51000-012-06S. Raw data files The data were acquired with a Geodesic Net Amps 300 system running Netstation 4.5.2 software using the 128-channel Geodesic Hydrocell Sensor Netâ„¢ (Magstim EGI., Eugene OR, USA). No operations have been performed on the data. Participant data The *Participants.tsv* file contains age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and weight status (WS) How to cite All use of this dataset in a publication context requires the following paper to be cited: Alatorre-Cruz GC, Downs H, Hagood D, Sorensen ST, Williams DK, Larson-Prior L. Effect of obesity on inhibitory control in preadolescents during stop-signal task. An event-related potentials study. Int J Psychophysiol. 2021 Jul;165:56-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.04.003 Contact Questions regarding the EEG data may be addressed to Catalina Alatorre-Cruz (gcalatorrecruz@uams.edu). Question regarding the project, in general, may be addressed to Linda Larson-Prior (ljlarsonprior@uams.edu).